Judging Others 

שיפוט אחרים

It is inappropriate to suspect a person based merely on the superficial impression created by his actions. Nevertheless, the one suspected of wrongdoing must make an effort to refrain from actions apt to arouse suspicion.  

“Hannah answered Eli the High Priest and said:<footnote data-num="196"/> No, my master. I am an embittered woman; I did not drink wine or intoxicating drink but poured out my soul before the Lord” (I Samuel 1:15). Ulla said, and some say it was Rabbi Yosei son of Rabbi Hanina, that she said to him: With regard to this matter, you are not a master,<footnote data-num="197"/> and divine inspiration does not rest on you, as you incorrectly suspect me of this.

Some say that this is what she said to him: Aren’t you a master?<footnote data-num="198"/> The Divine Presence and divine inspiration are not with you, as you judged me unfavorably, and you did not judge me favorably. Didn’t you know that I am an embittered woman and I did not drink wine or intoxicating drink? Rabbi Elazar said: From here it is derived that one who is suspected of something of which he is not guilty must inform the other of his error.<footnote data-num="199"/>

“Eli answered and said: Go in peace” (I Samuel 1:17). Rabbi Elazar said: From here it is derived that in the case of one who suspects another of something of which he is not guilty, the one who suspected him must appease him. Moreover, he must even bless him, as it is stated that Eli blessed her: “And may the God of Israel grant your request” (I Samuel 1:17). 

Reish Lakish said: One who suspects the innocent will be afflicted in his body. 

Rabbi Yosei said: May my portion be with one who is suspected of some wrongdoing but is innocent.<footnote data-num="200"/> <source>(Berakhot 31b; Shabbat 97a; Moed Katan 18b) </source>