הָכָא נַמִי חַזְיָא לְדוּגְמָא.

Here too, since these substances are suited to be piled together in the sample of a merchant seeking to sell them, they join together with regard to carrying out on Shabbat as well.

מתני׳ הַמּוֹצִיא אוֹכָלִים כַּגְּרוֹגֶרֶת – חַיָּיב, וּמִצְטָרְפִין זֶה עִם זֶה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁשָּׁווּ בְּשִׁיעוּרֵיהֶן. חוּץ מִקְּלִיפָּתָן, וְגַרְעִינֵיהֶן, וְעוּקְצֵיהֶן, וְסוּבָּן וּמוּרְסָנָן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: חוּץ מִקְּלִיפֵּי עֲדָשִׁין שֶׁמִּתְבַּשְּׁלוֹת עִמָּהֶן.

One who carries out a measure of foods fit for human consumption equivalent to a dried fig-bulk into a domain where carrying is prohibited on Shabbat is liable. And all those foods join together with one another to constitute that amount because they are equal in their measures. This amount is calculated without their shells, and their seeds, and their stems, and their bran, the husk that comes off of the wheat kernel when pounded, and their coarse bran that remains in the flour. Rabbi Yehuda says: None of the shells are calculated, except for the shells of lentils, which join together with the lentils to comprise the measure for liability because they are cooked and eaten with them.

גמ׳ וְסוּבָּן וּמוּרְסָנָן לֹא מִצְטָרְפִין?! וְהָתְנַן: חֲמֵשֶׁת רְבָעִים קֶמַח וְעוֹד חַיָּיבִין בְּחַלָּה, הֵן וְסוּבָּן וּמוּרְסָנָן! אָמַר אַבַּיֵי: שֶׁכֵּן עָנִי אוֹכֵל פִּתּוֹ בְּעִיסָּה בְּלוּסָה.

The Gemara asks: And do the bran and coarse bran of cereals not join together? Didn’t we learn in a mishna: Dough made from five-quarters of a log of flour and a bit more obligates one to separate ḥalla ? That amount includes them, the flour, and their bran, and their coarse bran. Apparently, bran and coarse bran join together with the flour to constitute the requisite measure. Abaye said: Bran joins together with the flour with regard to ḥalla and the making of bread, since a pauper eats his loaf made from dough mixed with bran. However, with regard to carrying out on Shabbat, the food items in question must be suitable for all people, since the measures are small and are calculated by their significance.

“רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר חוּץ מִקְּלִיפֵּי עֲדָשִׁים הַמִּתְבַּשְּׁלוֹת עִמָּהֶן״. עֲדָשִׁים – אִין, פּוֹלִין – לָא, וְהָתַנְיָא, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: חוּץ מִקְּלִיפֵּי פּוֹלִין וַעֲדָשִׁים! לָא קַשְׁיָא, הָא – בְּחַדְתֵּי, הָא – בְּעַתִּיקֵי. עַתִּיקֵי מַאי טַעְמָא לָא? אָמַר רַבִּי אַבָּהוּ: מִפְּנֵי שֶׁנִּרְאִין כִּזְבוּבִין בַּקְּעָרָה. הדרן עלך כלל גדול

We learned in the mishna that shells do not join together to constitute the measure of food. Rabbi Yehuda says: Except for the shells of lentils because they are cooked and eaten with them. The Gemara asks: Is that to say that with lentils, yes, the shells do join together; but with beans, no, they do not? Wasn’t it taught in a baraita that Rabbi Yehuda says: Except for the shells of beans and lentils? The Gemara answers: This is not difficult: This baraita , which teaches that, according to Rabbi Yehuda, shells of beans join together with the beans, is referring to new, fresh beans. That mishna, which teaches that, according to Rabbi Yehuda, shells of beans do not join together with the beans, is referring to old beans. The Gemara asks: Why do the shells of old beans not join together? Rabbi Abbahu said: Because their shell fragments look like flies in the dish; people are repulsed by those shell fragments, they do not eat them and discard them.

מתני׳ הַמּוֹצִיא יַיִן כְּדֵי מְזִיגַת הַכּוֹס, חָלָב כְּדֵי גְּמִיעָה, דְּבַשׁ כְּדֵי לִיתֵּן עַל הַכָּתִית, שֶׁמֶן כְּדֵי לָסוּךְ אֵבֶר קָטָן, מַיִם כְּדֵי לָשׁוּף בָּהֶם אֶת הַקִּילּוֹר, וּשְׁאָר כָּל הַמַּשְׁקִין בָּרְבִיעִית, וְכָל הַשּׁוֹפָכִין בָּרְבִיעִית. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: כּוּלָּן בָּרְבִיעִית, וְלֹא נֶאֶמְרוּ כָּל הַשִּׁיעוּרִין הַלָּלוּ אֶלָּא לְמַצְנִיעֵיהֶן.

One who carries out undiluted wine from a private domain to a public domain or vice versa is liable only for a measure equivalent to the wine typically diluted in a cup. Pure wine was diluted with water. The measure that determines liability for carrying out wine is a measure suitable to be diluted for a significant cup of wine. The measure that determines liability for carrying out milk is equivalent to that which is swallowed in one gulp. The measure that determines liability for carrying out honey is equivalent to that which is used to place on a sore caused by chafing. The measure that determines liability for carrying out oil is equivalent to that which is used to spread on a small limb. The measure that determines liability for carrying out water is equivalent to that which is used to rub and spread on an eye bandage. And the measure that determines liability for carrying out all other liquids is a quarter of a log . And the measure that determines liability for carrying out all waste water is a quarter of a log . Rabbi Shimon says: The measure that determines liability for all liquids is a quarter of a log . He further stated: And all these measures were only stated with regard to those who store them. One indicates that he considers these liquids significant by storing them. One is only liable for carrying out an object that is significant to him. Others, for whom these measures are insignificant, are not liable for carrying them out.

גמ׳ תָּנָא: כְּדֵי מְזִיגַת כּוֹס יָפֶה. וּמַאי כּוֹס יָפֶה – כּוֹס שֶׁל בְּרָכָה. אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן אָמַר רַבָּה בַּר אֲבוּהּ: כּוֹס שֶׁל בְּרָכָה צָרִיךְ שֶׁיְּהֵא בּוֹ רוֹבַע רְבִיעִית, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּמְזְגֶנּוּ וְיַעֲמוֹד עַל רְבִיעִית.

It was taught in a Tosefta : The measure that determines liability for carrying out wine is equivalent to the wine diluted for a significant cup of wine. The Gemara explains: And what is the significant cup of wine to which the Tosefta referred? It is a cup of blessing. And Rav Naḥman said that Rabba bar Avuh said: A cup of blessing must have a quarter of a quarter of a log of undiluted wine in it, so that one will dilute it with water, and the cup will contain a quarter of a log . The ratio of dilution is typically three parts water to one part wine.

אָמַר רָבָא: אַף אֲנַן נַמִי

Rava said: We too