כְּמַאן מְצַלֵּינַן עַל קְצִירֵי וְעַל מְרֵיעֵי [כְּמַאן – כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי]. מִדַּאֲמַר קְצִירֵי וּמְרֵיעֵי, שְׁמַע מִינָּהּ: קְצִירֵי – קְצִירֵי מַמָּשׁ, מְרֵיעֵי – רַבָּנַן.

In accordance with whose opinion do we pray every day for the sick and for the suffering? In accordance with whose opinion? In accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Yosei, who holds that one is judged every day, not only on Rosh HaShana, and therefore it is appropriate to pray for people every day. From the fact that he said: The sick and the suffering, one can learn from his statement that the term: The sick, is referring to actual sick people, while the term: The suffering, is referring to the Sages, who typically are physically frail.

״וּמוּתָּר בְּעָבֶה״. מַתְנִיתִין דְּלָא כְּבַבְלָאֵי. דַּאֲמַר רַבִּי זֵירָא: בַּבְלָאֵי טִפְּשָׁאֵי, דְּאָכְלִי לַחְמָא בְּלַחְמָא.

§ It is stated in the mishna that one who vowed that loose cooked food is forbidden to him is permitted to taste a thick cooked food. The Gemara comments: The mishna is not in accordance with the custom of the Babylonians, as Rabbi Zeira said: Babylonians are foolish, as they eat bread with bread. They eat thick porridge with their bread, which is essentially eating one kind of bread with another. According to their custom, one who vows that cooked foods are forbidden to him is prohibited from eating even a thick cooked food.

אֲמַר רַב חִסְדָּא: דְּמַשְׁאִיל לְהוֹן לְהָלֵין נַקְדָּנֵי דְּהוּצָל: הָדֵין דַּיְיסָא הֵיכִין מַעֲלֵי לְמֵיכְלָהּ? דְּחִיטֵּי – בְּלַחְמָא דְּחִיטֵּי, וּדְשַׂעֲרֵי – בְּלַחְמָא דְּשַׂעֲרֵי, אוֹ דִּלְמָא דְּחִיטֵּי – בִּדְשַׂעֲרֵי, וּדְשַׂעֲרֵי – בִּדְחִיטֵּי?

In that context, Rav Ḥisda said that those fastidious resi- dents of Huzal, Babylonia were asked: How is it best to eat this porridge? Should wheat porridge be eaten with wheat bread and barley porridge with barley bread, or perhaps wheat porridge should be eaten with barley bread and barley porridge with wheat bread?

רָבָא אָכְלֵיהּ בְּחַסִּיסֵי. רַבָּה בַּר רַב הוּנָא אַשְׁכָּחֵיהּ לְרַב הוּנָא דְּקָאָכֵיל דַּיְיסָא בְּאֶצְבְּעָתֵיהּ. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אַמַּאי קָאָכֵיל מָר בִּידֵיהּ? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָכִי אֲמַר רַב: דַּיְיסָא בְּאֶצְבְּעָתָא בְּסִים, וְכָל דְּכֵן בְּתַרְתֵּין, וְכָל דְּכֵן בִּתְלָת.

The Gemara relates: Rava would eat his bread with ḥasisei , a porridge made of toasted barley grains. Rabba, son of Rav Huna, found Rav Huna eating porridge with his fingers. He said to him: Why is the Master eating with his hands? Rav Huna said to him: This is what Rav said: Porridge eaten with a finger is tasty, and all the more so if it is eaten with two fingers, and all the more so with three. It is more enjoyable to eat porridge with your hands.

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב לְחִיָּיא בְּרֵיהּ, וְכֵן אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב הוּנָא לְרַבָּה בְּרֵיהּ: מִזַמְּנִים לָךְ לְמֵיכַל דַּיְיסָא – עַד פַּרְסָה, לְמֵיכַל בִּישְׂרָא דְּתוֹרָא – עַד תְּלָתָא פַּרְסִין. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב לְחִיָּיא בְּרֵיהּ, וְכֵן אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב הוּנָא לְרַבָּה בְּרֵיהּ: כָּל מִידַּעַם לָא תִּפְלוֹט קַמֵּיהּ רַבְּךָ, לְבַר מִן קָרָא וְדַיְיסָא, שֶׁהֵן דּוֹמִין לִפְתִילְתָּא שֶׁל אֲבָר, וַאֲפִילּוּ קַמֵּי שָׁבוֹר מַלְכָּא פְּלוֹט.

Rav said to his son Ḥiyya, and Rav Huna similarly said to his son Rabba: If you are invited to eat porridge, for such a meal you should travel up to the distance of a parasang [ parsa ]. If you are invited to eat ox meat, you should travel up to three parasangs. Rav said to his son Ḥiyya, and Rav Huna similarly said to his son Rabba: You should not spit out anything before your teacher, as this is disrespectful, apart from gourd and porridge, as they are like a burning lead wick in the intestines when they cannot be digested, and therefore spit them out even before King Shapur, due to the danger involved.

רַבִּי יוֹסֵי וְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה, חַד אָכֵיל דַּיְיסָא בְּאֶצְבְּעָתֵיהּ וְחַד אָכֵיל בְּהוּצָא. אֲמַר לֵיהּ דְּאָכֵיל בְּהוּצָא לִדְאָכֵיל בְּאֶצְבְּעָתֵיהּ: עַד מָתַי אַתָּה מַאֲכִילֵנִי צוֹאָתְךָ! אֲמַר לֵיהּ דְּאָכֵיל בְּאֶצְבְּעָתֵיהּ לִדְאָכֵיל בְּהוּצָא: עַד מָתַי אַתָּה מַאֲכִילֵנִי רוּקְךָ!

The Gemara relates more incidents: Rabbi Yosei and Rabbi Yehuda dined together. One of them ate porridge with his fingers, and the other one ate with a fork [ hutza ]. The one who was eating with a fork said to the one who was eating with his fingers: For how long will you keep feeding me your filth? Must I keep eating off of your dirty fingernails? The one who was eating with his fingers said to the one who was eating with a fork: For how long will you keep feeding me your spittle, as you eat with a fork which you then put back in the common bowl.

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אַיְיתוּ לְקַמַּיְיהוּ בְּלוֹסְפַּיִין, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אֲכַל, רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן לָא אֲכַל. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַבִּי יְהוּדָה: מַאי טַעְמָא לָא אָכֵיל מָר? אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן: אֵלּוּ אֵין יוֹצְאִין מִבְּנֵי מֵעַיִם כָּל עִיקָּר. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַבִּי יְהוּדָה: כָּל שֶׁכֵּן שֶׁנִּסְמוֹךְ עֲלֵיהֶן לְמָחָר.

Belospayin , a type of figs, were brought before Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbi Shimon. Rabbi Yehuda ate them, but Rabbi Shimon did not eat them. Rabbi Yehuda said to him: What is the reason that the Master is not eating? Rabbi Shimon said to him: These do not leave the intestines at all. They remain undigested. Rabbi Yehuda said to him: If so, all the more that one can rely on them to feel full tomorrow.

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה הֲוָה יָתֵיב קַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי טַרְפוֹן. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַבִּי טַרְפוֹן: הַיּוֹם פָּנֶיךָ צְהוּבִּין. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אֶמֶשׁ יָצְאוּ עֲבָדֶיךָ לַשָּׂדֶה, וְהֵבִיאוּ לָנוּ תְּרָדִין, וַאֲכַלְנוּם בְּלֹא מֶלַח. וְאִם אָכַלְנוּם בְּמֶלַח – כָּל שֶׁכֵּן שֶׁהָיוּ פָּנֵינוּ צְהוּבִּין.

Rabbi Yehuda was sitting before Rabbi Tarfon. Rabbi Tarfon said to him: Your face today is ruddy, i.e., a rosy, healthy color. Rabbi Yehuda said to him: Last night your servants, i.e., we students, went out to the field, and beets were brought to us, and we ate them without salt. This is the reason for our healthy complexion. And had we eaten them with salt, all the more so would our faces have been ruddy.

אָמְרָה הַהִיא מַטְרוֹנִיתָא לְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה: מוֹרֶה וְרָוֵי?! אֲמַר לָהּ: הֵימָנוּתָא בִּידָא דְּהַהִיא אִיתְּתָא, אִי טָעֵימְנָא אֶלָּא קִידּוּשָׁא וְאִבְדַּלְתָּא וְאַרְבָּעָה כָּסֵי דְּפִסְחָא, וְחוֹגְרַנִּי צִידְעַי מִן הַפֶּסַח עַד הָעֲצֶרֶת. אֶלָּא: ״חָכְמַת אָדָם תָּאִיר פָּנָיו״.

The Gemara cites related incidents: A certain gentile lady [ matronita ] said to Rabbi Yehuda, whose face was ruddy: How can one teach the Jews and be a drunk at the same time? He said to her: I place my integrity in the hands of this woman and should no longer be deemed credible if I ever taste any wine except for that of kiddush , havdala , and the four cups of Passover. And after I drink those four cups I tie my temples from Passover to Shavuot , as wine gives me a headache. Rather, my complexion is explained by the verse “A man’s wisdom makes his face to shine” (Ecclesiastes 8:1).

אֲמַר לֵיהּ הַהוּא מִינָא לְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה: פָּנֶיךָ דּוֹמִין אִי כְּמַלְוֵי רִבִּית אִי כִּמְגַדְּלֵי חֲזִירִין. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: בִּיהוּדָאֵי תַּרְוַיְיהוּ אֲסִירָן, אֶלָּא עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבָּעָה בֵּית הַכִּסֵּא אִית לִי מִן בֵּיתָא עַד בֵּי מִדְרָשָׁא, וְכָל שָׁעָה וְשָׁעָה אֲנִי נִכְנָס לְכָל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד.

A certain heretic said to Rabbi Yehuda: Your face is similar either to usurers or to pig breeders. These people would earn a good living without expending much energy, which gave them plump, healthy complexions. Rabbi Yehuda said to him: Both of these occupations are prohibited to Jews. Rather, my face is ruddy because I have twenty-four bathrooms on the way from my home to the study hall, and all the time I enter each and every one of them. He did not suffer from constipation, which had a beneficial effect on his complexion.

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה כַּד אָזֵיל לְבֵי מִדְרָשָׁא שָׁקֵיל גּוּלְפָא עַל כַּתְפֵיהּ, אֲמַר: גְּדוֹלָה מְלָאכָה שֶׁמְּכַבֶּדֶת אֶת בְעָלֶיהָ. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן שָׁקֵיל צַנָּא עַל כַּתְפֵיהּ, אֲמַר: גְּדוֹלָה מְלָאכָה שֶׁמְּכַבֶּדֶת אֶת בְעָלֶיהָ.

§ The Gemara relates: When Rabbi Yehuda would go to the study hall he would carry a pitcher [ gulefa ] on his shoulder to sit on, saying: Labor is great, as it brings honor to the laborer who performs it. It brought him honor by enabling him to avoid sitting on the floor of the study hall. Similarly, Rabbi Shimon would carry a basket on his shoulder, saying: Labor is great, as it brings honor to the laborer who performs it.

דְּבֵיתְהוּ דְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה נָפְקַתְּ נָקְטַתְּ עַמְרָא, עָבְדָה גְּלִימָא דְּהוּטְבֵי. כַּד נָפְקַתְּ לְשׁוּקָא מִיכַּסְיָא בֵּיהּ, וְכַד נָפֵיק רַבִּי יְהוּדָה לְצַלּוּיֵי הֲוָה מְכַסֵּי וּמְצַלֵּי. וְכַד מִיכַּסֵּי בֵּיהּ הֲוָה מְבָרֵךְ ״בָּרוּךְ שֶׁעֲטָנִי מְעִיל״.

The Gemara further relates: Rabbi Yehuda’s wife went out to the market, collected wool, and made a thick [ hutevei ] cloak. When she would go out to the market she would cover herself with it, and when Rabbi Yehuda would go out to pray he would cover himself with the cloak and pray. And when he would cover himself with it he would recite the blessing: Blessed is He who wrapped me in a coat, as he took much pleasure in it.

זִימְנָא חֲדָא גָּזַר רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל תַּעֲנִיתָא, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה לָא אֲתָא לְבֵי תַּעֲנִיתָא. אָמְרִין לֵיהּ: לָא אִית לֵיהּ כִּסּוּיָא. שְׁדַר לֵיהּ גְּלִימָא וְלָא קַבֵּיל.

On one occasion Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel, the Nasi , decreed a fast. Rabbi Yehuda did not come to the house of the fast, where everyone gathered. The people said to Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel: Rabbi Yehuda does not have a dignified garment to cover himself with, and therefore he shies away from public events. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel sent him a cloak of his own, but Rabbi Yehuda did not accept this gift.