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Nazir

Daf 66a

חֲטוֹף וּבְרִיךְ. וְכֵן אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב הוּנָא לְרַבָּה בְּרֵיהּ: חֲטוֹף וּבְרִיךְ.

Seize the opportunity and quickly recite a blessing over the cup of blessing for the Grace after Meals. And similarly, Rav Huna said to his son, Rabba: Seize the opportunity and recite a blessing.

RASHI

גמ' חטוף חטוף כוס של ברכה ובריך ברכת זימון שתהא מקיים לברך על הכוס ברכת זימון:

TOSAFOT

חטוף מהר לברך שתהא זריז ונשכר:

לְמֵימְרָא דִּמְבָרֵךְ עֲדִיף? וְהָתַנְיָא, רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר: גָּדוֹל הָעוֹנֶה ״אָמֵן״ יוֹתֵר מִן הַמְבָרֵךְ. וְאָמַר לוֹ רַבִּי נְהוֹרַאי: הַשָּׁמַיִם! כָּךְ הוּא. תֵּדַע, שֶׁהֲרֵי גּוּלְיָירִים מִתְגָּרִין בַּמִּלְחָמָה וְגִבּוֹרִים נוֹצְחִין!

The Gemara asks: Is this to say that one who recites a blessing is preferable to one who answers amen? But isn’t it taught in a baraita that Rabbi Yosei says: The one who answers amen is greater than the one who recites the blessing? And Rabbi Nehorai said to him: By Heavens, it is so. Know that this is true, as the military assistants [ gulyarim ] descend to the battlefield an d initiate the war and the mighty follow them and prevail. The amen that follows a blessing is compared to the mighty who join the war after the assistants, illustrating that answering amen is more significant than reciting the initial blessing.

RASHI

השמים כך הוא בשבועה על שם וירם ימינו אל השמים וישבע בחי העולם (דניאל י״ב:ז׳) כך הוא שהעונה אמן גדול מן המברך:

ותדע שהוא כך:

שהרי גוליירין חלשין מתגרין במלחמה תחלה ואחר כך גבורים באין ונוצחין אף כאן העונה אמן בא לאחר המברך ומנצח לומר שהעונה אמן משובח מן המברך:

TOSAFOT

גוליירין מתגרין וגבורים מנצחין הפרשים הבאים אחרי כן ושם נצחון המלחמה על הפרשים הגומרין:

תַּנָּאֵי הִיא, דְּתַנְיָא: אֶחָד הַמְבָרֵךְ וְאֶחָד הָעוֹנֶה ״אָמֵן״ בְּמַשְׁמַע, אֶלָּא שֶׁמְּמַהֲרִין לַמְבָרֵךְ תְּחִילָּה.

The Gemara responds: This is a dispute between tanna’im , as it is taught in a baraita : Both the one who recites a bless- ing and the one who answers amen are included among those who “stand up and bless” (Nehemiah 9:5), but one hurries to first reward the one who recites the blessing. This baraita apparently holds that reciting the blessing is greater than answering amen.

RASHI

תנאי היא דאיכא למ"ד דעונה אמן משובח מן המברך ואית דאמר שהמברך משובח:

א' העונה ואחד המברך במשמע דקרא שנאמר (תהילים ל״ד:ד׳) גדלו לה' אתי ברכה ונרוממה שמו יחדיו אמן:

אלא שממהרין למברך תחילה ליתן שכר:

TOSAFOT

אחד המברך ואחד העונה אמן נוטל שכר אלא שממהרין למברך תחילה ליתן שכר ולהכי אמרינן ליה חטוף ובריך:

אֲמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר אָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא: תַּלְמִידֵי חֲכָמִים מַרְבִּים שָׁלוֹם בָּעוֹלָם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״וְכָל בָּנַיִךְ לִמּוּדֵי ה' וְרַב שְׁלוֹם בָּנָיִךְ״. הדרן עלך הגוים אין להם נזירות וסליקא לה מסכת נזיר

Rabbi Elazar said that Rabbi Ḥanina said: Torah scholars increase peace in the world, as it is stated: “And all your children [ banayikh ] shall be taught of the Lord, and great shall be the peace of your children” (Isaiah 54:13). The Sages interpreted this verse homiletically: Do not read it as: “Your children [ banayikh ],” but as: Your builders [ bonayikh ]. Torah scholars are those who build peace for their generation.

SUMMARY

In this chapter, the Gemara concluded that gentiles cannot undertake a vow of naziriteship, although it is permitted for them to sacrifice some of the offerings associated with it. Canaanite slaves are categorized as Jews with respect to naziriteship obligations. However, their masters can prevent them from observing this vow in practice, in which case the Canaanite slave must wait until he is emancipated before he can fulfill it. A married woman can accept naziriteship upon herself, but under certain circumstances her husband can nullify the vow and thereby absolve her from any obligation to fulfill it. A case can arise where a nazirite discovers his impurity only after the completion of his term. If the impurity in this situation was imparted by a grave in the depths, i.e., if the grave was unknown to anyone, the nazirite’s term is not negated. However, if the impurity could have been known, whether or not one can determine it was known in practice, his term is negated, and he must restart his naziriteship once he is purified. The leniency of the halakha of impurity imparted by a grave in the depths applies both to a nazirite, in that his term is not negated, and to an individual on his way to bring a Paschal offering, in that he need not bring an offering on the second Pesaḥ. This topic led to discussion in the Gemara about other cases involving uncertain impurity. With regard to impurity imparted by a corpse, the chapter addressed the issue of how to relocate a grave that has been discovered, including the size of the radius that must be examined outward from the grave to ascertain if there are other graves nearby. On a separate note, if an individual has not yet been determined to be a leper or a zav, the halakha is generally lenient in a situation where he might have been rendered impure. However, once one is definitely a leper or a zav, cases of uncertainty are treated stringently. In light of this ruling, the chapter examines a case where an individual beat another and the victim was diagnosed as fatally injured. If the victim improves but subsequently deteriorates and dies, one attributes his death to the beating and not to another factor. The chapter and the tractate as a whole end with aggadic statements praising a nazirite and a discussion as to whether the great prophet Samuel was a nazirite.