David requested from God to inform him of the day of his death. He attempted to prevent the angel of death from harming him, but he was ultimately unsuccessful and passed away.

Rav Yehuda said that Rav said: What is the meaning of what David said: “Lord, let me know my end and what will be the measure of my days. Let me know when I will cease to be” (Psalms 39:5)? David said before the Holy One, blessed be He: Master of the Universe, “Lord, let me know my end,” when I will die. God said to him: It is a decree before Me that I do not reveal the end of the life of flesh and blood. David continued: “And what will be the measure of my days” [the day of the year that I will die]? God responded: It is a decree before Me not to reveal the measure of a person’s days. David persisted: “Let me know when I will cease to be,” [the day of the week on which I will I die]. God said to him: You will die on Shabbat.…

Every Shabbat, David would sit and study Torah all day. On the day he was supposed to die, the angel of death stood before him, but was unable to overcome him, as David’s mouth did not pause from study. The angel of death said to himself: What shall I do to him? David had a garden behind his house; the angel of death came, ascended, and shook the trees. David went out to see. He was climbing the stairs, a stair broke beneath him. He was startled and was silenced from his studies, and he passed away. (Berakhot 30a–b)