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Behar

Verbal Mistreatment

The prohibition against mistreating another appears in this Torah portion. The Sages taught that in addition to the prohibition against monetarily exploiting another, it is forbidden to torment another with words as well.

The verse states: “And you shall not wrong one another” (Leviticus 25:17); this is a reference to verbal mistreatment. Could it perhaps be a reference to monetary exploitation? No, because when the verse states: “And if you sell a sale item to your counterpart, or acquire from the hand of your counterpart, you shall not exploit one another” (25:14), monetary exploitation is already stated, [and there is no need for another verse to state this command. Therefore,] how do I explain the meaning of: “And you shall not wrong one another”? It is referring to verbal mistreatment. How so? [What are some examples of verbal mistreatment?] If one was a penitent, a person should not say to him: Remember your previous actions. If one was the son of converts, a person should not say to him: Remember the actions of your ancestors. How so? If one was afflicted with illnesses or if he was burying his children, a person should not speak to him in the manner that Job’s comrades spoke to him: “Shouldn’t your reverence be your security, your hope and the virtuousness of your way? Please remember, who is the innocent who perished and where are the upright who were destroyed?” (Job 4:6–7).(Sifra, Behar 3)